大学英语综合(三) Unit1补充练习

I. Choose the one that best completes each sentence from the four choices given below. 1. My parents could hardly come up with all the money for me to go to college, but we managed to ______ with my scholarship.

A. get in B. get on C. get by D. get to

2. In order to keep slim, my aunt never eats much, but she _____ her diet with a variety of vitamins.

A. compliments B. supplements C. implements D. compensates 3. You’d better _____ the garden with insecticide to get rid of the pests.

A. spray B. sprinkle C. splash D. scatter 4. The new device, ______, is by far more convenient than the old one.

A. in the balance B. in parallel C. on parallel D. on balance 5. They seldom dine out, ______ an occasional dinner at the local restaurant.

A. aside from B. beside from C. except of D. outside of 6. Caught running away from the spot, he was ______ of the crime by the police. A. expected B. doubted C. guessed D. suspected 7. To balance your income and expense, you need to set a proper ______.

A. budget B. limit C. control D. check

8. At the sight of that beautiful dress, the poor actress could not_____ the temptation to steal it. A. attack B. fight C. resist D. assist 9. She assured her mother that it was only a _____ operation and she would be fine soon. A. major B. minor C. minute D. minimum

10. If you ______ your money in the real estate market now, I’m sure you’ll make great profits. A. dedicate B. devote C. invest D. spend 11. Books ______ with colored photographs are extremely popular with small children. A. illustrated B. demonstrated C. displayed D. explained 12. While power plants burn coal to ______ electricity, they are also polluting the air.

A. cause B. create C. invent D. generate

13. I live in the suburb and it takes me three hours to ______ between home and office everyday. A. communicate B. commute C. travel D. move 14. The Mississippi River forms a natural ____________between Iowa and Illinois. A. range B. boundary C. scope D. distance

15. The supply of electric power to Madrid and neighboring districts has had to be ____________. A. weakened B. pursued C. omitted D. lowered 16 . He worked so late in the office last night that he hardly had time ______ the last bus.

A. to have caught B. to catch C. catching D. having caught 17. Although a little girl of nine, Rose could resist ______ what to do and what not to do. A. to be told B. having been told C. being told D. to have been told

II. Reading comprehension Passage 1

Telecommuting—substituting the computer from the trip to the job—has been hailed as a solution to all kinds of problems related to office work.

For workers it promises freedom from the office, less time wasted in traffic, and help with child-care conflicts. For management, telecommuting helps keep high performers on board, minimizes tardiness(缓慢) and absenteeism(旷工, 缺勤) by eliminating commutes, allows periods of solitude for high-concentration tasks, and provides scheduling flexibility. In some areas, such as Southern California and Seattle, Washington, local governments are encouraging companies to start telecommuting programs in order to reduce rush-hour congestion(堵塞) and improve air quality.

But these benefits do not come easily, Making a telecommuting program work requires careful planning and an understanding of the differences between telecommuting realities and popular image

Many workers are reduced by rosy illusions of life as a telecommuter. A computer programmer from New York City moves to the tranquil Adirondack Mountains and stays in contact with her office via computer. A manager comes in to his office three days a week and works at home the other two. An accountant stays home to care for her sick child; she hooks up her telephone mode connections and does office work between calls to the doctor.

These are powerful images, but they are a limited reflection of reality. Telecommuting workers soon learn that it is almost impossible to concentrate on work and care for a young child at the same time. Before a certain age, young children cannot recognize, much less respect, the necessary boundaries between work and family. Additional child support is necessary if the parent is to get any work done.

Management, too, must separate the myth from the reality. Although the media has paid a great deal of attention to telecommuting, in most cases it is the employee’s situation, not the availability of technology, that precipitates(使提前或突然发生) a telecommuting arrangement. That is partly why, despite the widespread press coverage, the number of companies with work-at-home programs or policy guidelines remains small. 1. What is the main subject of the passage?

A. Business management policies. B. Driving to work.

C. Extending the workplace by means of computers. D. Computers for child-care purposes.

2. What are the common problems for office employees?

A. Being restricted to the office. B. Taking care of sick children. C. Driving in heavy traffic. D. All of them.

3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem for employers that is potentially solved by telecommuting?

A. Employees’ lateness for work. B. Employees’ absence from work.

C. Employees’ need for time alone to work intensively. D. Employees’ conflicts with second jobs.

4. What is the possible disadvantage of telecommuting?

A. Small children cannot understand the boundaries of work and play.

B. Computer technology is not advanced enough to accommodate the needs of every situation.

C. Electrical malfunctions can destroy a project.

D. The worker often does not have all the needed resources at home.

5. Which of the following is an example of telecommuting as described in the passage?

A. A scientist in a laboratory developing plans for a space station.

B. A technical writer sending via computer documents created at home. C. A computer technician repairing an office computer network.

D. A teacher directing computer-assisted learning in a private school.

Passage 2

Through a series of experiments an American scientist has obtained an understanding of the social structure of the most complex of ant societies. The ants examined are the only creatures other than man to have given up hunting and collecting for a completely agricultural way of life. In their underground nests they cultivate gardens on soil made from finely chopped leaves. This is a complex operation requiring considerable division of labour. The workers of this type of ant can be divided into four groups according to size. Each of the groups performs a particular set of jobs. The making and care of the gardens and the nursing of the young ants are done by the smallest workers. Slightly larger workers are responsible for chopping up leaves to make them suitable for use in the gardens and for cleaning the nest. A third group of still larger ants do the construction work and collect fresh leaves from outside the nest. The largest are the soldier ants, responsible for defending the nest.

To find out how good the various size-groups are at different tasks, the scientist measured the amount of work done by the ants against the amount of energy they used. He examined first the gathering and carrying of leaves. He selected one of the size-groups, and then measured how efficiently these ants could find leaves and run back to the nest. Then he repeated the experiment for each of the other size-groups. In this way he could see whether any group could do the job more efficiently than the group normally undertaking it.

The intermediate-sized ants that normally perform this task proved to be the most efficient for their energy costs, but when the scientist examined the whole set of jobs performed by each group of ants it appeared that some sizes of worker ants were not ideally suited to the particular jobs they performed.

6. In what way are the ants different from other non-human societies? A. They do not need to search for food.

B. They do not need to look for shelter.

C. Individuals vary in social status.

D. Individuals perform different functions.

7. It seems that smaller ants perform more of the __________.

A. construction tasks B. defensive work C. domestic tasks D. heavy work 8. ―good‖ (Line 1,Para.3.)refers to ants’ _________.

A. cooperation in working B. sense of responsibility C. efficiency in working D. willingness to work hard

9. The scientist’s work was based on __________. A. occasional observations B. systematic observations C. observations of several nests D. observations of undisturbed nests

10. The organization of the ants has the effect of ________. A. getting the most work done

B. dividing the work up systematically C. each ant helping with all the tasks D. each ant doing what it can do best

III. Banked cloze

I am one of the many city people who are always saying that given the choice we would prefer to live in the country away from the dirt and noise of a large city. I have managed to convince myself that if it weren’t for my job I would 1 head out for the open spaces and go back to nature in some sleepy village buried in the country. But how realistic is the dream ?

Cities can be frightening places. The majority of the population live in massive tower blocks, noisy, dirty and impersonal. The sense of 2 to a community tends to disappear when you live fifteen floors up. All you can see from your window is sky, or other blocks of flats. Children become aggressive and nervous – cooped up at home all day, with nowhere to play ; their mothers feel 3 from the rest of the world. Strangely 4 , whereas in the past the inhabitants of one street all knew each other, nowadays people on the same floor in tower block don’t even say hello to each other.

Country life, on the other hand, 5 from this kind of isolated existence in that a sense of community generally binds the inhabitants of small villages 6 . People have the advantage of knowing that there is always someone to turn to when they need 7 . But country life has disadvantages too. While it is 8 that you may be among friends in a village, it is also true you are cut off from the exciting and important events that take place in cities. There’s little possibility of going to a new show or the 9 movie. Shopping becomes a major problem, and for anything

slightly out of the ordinary you have to go on an expedition to the nearest large town. The city-dweller who leaves for the country is often 10 by a sense of unbearable stillness and quiet.

A. causes B. oppressed C. fallen D. belonging E. immediately F. enough G. isolated H. caught I. together J. differs K. help L. true M. opposing N. latest O. specially

Key:

I.

1. C. 2. B. 3. A. 4. D. 5. A. 6. D. 7. A. 8. C. 9. B. 10. C. 11. A. 12. D. 13. B. 14. B. 15.D. 16. B. 17. C. II.

1. C 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. A 7.C 8. C 9. B 10.D III.

1. E 2. D

3. G 4. F 

5. J 6. I 7. K 8 . L 9. N 10. B