专业英语四级(完形填空)模拟试卷263(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语四级（完形填空）模拟试卷263 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有： 4. CLOZE

PART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY.

A. official B. focused C. commonly D. economical E. surgeries F. discount G. fueling H. in I. confirms J. economic K. ordinarily L. earn M. confess N. diseases O. casual Internet data shows that American younger adults have become the primary group mad about altering their personal appearance. Once the realm of the well-to-do female【C1】______ her fifties, plastic surgery has become the attraction of the least rich segment of younger Internet users. Search data【C2】______ this phenomenon. One of the most popular sites visited from the search term “plastic surgery” is the【C3】______ site of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. Over 25% of visitors to the site fell within the 18- to 24-year-old demographic(特定年龄段的人群)—that’s up from 19.6% two years ago. Looking at other health related sites visited by 18- to 24-year-olds, reveals just how mad this age group is about appearance. Unlike their older counterparts who visit sites related to【C4】______ and keeping healthy, younger Internet users flock to sites that dwell on personal appearance, such as those【C5】______ on bodybuilding, weight loss and skincare. And definitely plastic surgery. But if we track the trend in searches on topics such as “breast implants” or “plastic surgery,” there has been a steep decline in all plastic surgery topics over the last year. What’s【C6】______ this downturn? It may very well be related to the failing U.S. economy and the predominant income group of visitors to cosmetic surgery sites—U.S. households that【C7】______ less than $30,000 per year. In fact, if we look at the search patterns around popular surgeries, over the last year the term “cost” is the most【C8】______ appearing qualifier(限定词). We see more searches such as “breast implant cost” and “plastic surgery cost”. While older demographics continue to search for information on procedures such as face-lifts, it’s the younger Internet users who in tough【C9】______ times are focusing on improving their outer beauty, although at a(n)【C10】______ price.

1． 【C1】

正确答案：H

解析：空格后的宾语为年龄段her fifties，表达在某个年龄段的时候用介词in，故选H项。 知识模块：完形填空

2． 【C2】

正确答案：I

解析：空格处应填入动词作句子谓语。this phenomenon指代的是上一段提到的“整容年轻化”现象。空格所在句为本段的中心句，本段随后用具体例子和数据证实了的确存在这种现象，故选confirms“证实”。 知识模块：完形填空

3． 【C3】

正确答案：A

解析：空格前为定冠词the，空格后为名词site，推断空格处需填入形容词，修饰site“网站”。词库的形容词中，只有official“官方的”代入后语义通顺，表示“美国整形协会的官方网站”。 知识模块：完形填空

4． 【C4】

正确答案：N

解析：空格处与keeping healthy“保持健康”并列，故空格处需要填入名词或动名词，且所填内容跟“健康”有一定相关性。词库中的diseases“疾病”符合要求，关于疾病的信息及保健的信息属同一个范畴。 知识模块：完形填空

5． 【C5】

正确答案：B 解析：空格前是代词those，空格后是介词短语。由such as可知，those．．．是对前面说的年轻网民访问的关注个人外貌的网站(sites that dwell on personal appearance)的举例说明，故those后面的内容应该是后置定语，表明具体是些什么样的网站，因此应填入分词，该词能与后面的介词on搭配，并表达出与“关注”(dwell on)相近的意思。词库中的focused“使聚焦，使集中”符合要求，be focused on sth．表示“关注某事物”。 知识模块：完形填空

6． 【C6】

正确答案：G

解析：空格前为’s，空格后为名词短语this downturn，因此推断空格处应填入现在分词。上一句讲数量下降，而下一句讲“这与……有关”，推断空格所在旬是问原因。词库中的fueling有“刺激，激起”的意思，代入后表示“是什么引起了这种下降呢”，符合上下文语义。 知识模块：完形填空

7． 【C7】

正确答案：L

解析：空格所在从句缺少谓语动词，因此空格处应填入动词。此处U．S．households．．．per year是对上文的income group“工薪阶层”进行解释说明，空格后为“不到3万美元”，由此可知该从句应是描述这些人群的年收入情况，词库中的earn“赚得”代入后符合上下文语境。 知识模块：完形填空

8． 【C8】

正确答案：C

解析：此空需填入副词，修饰appearing。此空前面的the most，以及下一句的more searches暗示这里是表达搜索得最多的限定词，最多人搜索，即最经常出现，所以选副词commonly“通常”。 知识模块：完形填空

9． 【C9】

正确答案：J

解析：空格为名词times的修饰成分，可能需填形容词、名词或分词。由上文的the failing U．S．economy可知此处是要表达“经济困难时期”的意思，故填入的单词应能表达“经济的”这个意思，词库中的economic“经济的”符合要求。而economical“节约的”是形近干扰，代入后句意不通。 知识模块：完形填空

10． 【C10】

正确答案：F

解析：空格前为a(n)，空格后为名词price，空格处修饰price，推断可能需填形容词、名词或分词。上文讲到经济衰退以及年轻网民非常关注成本，可知即使要改善外貌，人们也会选择一种尽可能低廉的方式。词库中的discount”折扣”代入后符合该处语境。 知识模块：完形填空

A. equipment B. maintain C. for example D. contact E. contrast F. gained G. natural H. expend I. unique J. marched K. active L. such as M. compelled N. shape O. instrument In Europe, there has been a serious decline in physical activity over the past 50 years. Adults aged 20-60 years【C1】______ 500kcal less energy per day than they did 50 years ago. This is the equivalent to the running of a marathon each week. Even rates of participation in walking and cycling are declining. All of which suggests we should be【C2】______ to the nearest gym. But the “green” policies of these establishments tend to be pretty disappointing: factor in air-conditioning, laundering of towels, energy-consuming exercise【C3】______ and the fact that 90% of exercisers drive to the gym. British Military Fitness, the UK’s leading outdoor fitness provider, offers a programme of nationwide classes in parks, and on common lands, in the【C4】______ of its Gym Intervention programme. The organisation advocates not just the fitness benefits of working out outside, but our need to spend time in the great outdoors to【C5】______ overall mental and physical wellbeing. Group activity is declining as fast as our fitness rates, so the complete moral workout doesn’t merely assess the greenness of the equipment, but also the social capital to be【C6】______ by joining in. It also pays to start early. Children urgently need to become more【C7】______, and yet according to Natural England, a public body that encourages people to enjoy their natural surroundings, the amount of

time and【C8】______ children have with nature is declining; fewer than 10% now play in natural places【C9】______ woodlands, countryside and common land compared with 40% of children 40 years ago. Research shows that children who are introduced to nature will continue to visit【C10】______ landscapes in adulthood and be committed to retaining them.

11． 【C1】

正确答案：H 解析：本句缺少谓语动词，因此需填入一个动词。首句讲人们体力活动减少，即消耗的能量也变少，词库中的expend“消耗”符合文中语义。 知识模块：完形填空

12． 【C2】

正确答案：J

解析：空格前的be提示空格处应填入动词分词或形容词。上文提到人们身体锻炼活动减少，故推断此处表示“应该让人们走进健身馆去锻炼”，词库中的marched有“迫使某人走”的意思，代入后符合文意。march常用于march sb．to／into“迫使某人走进”结构，本句为该结构的被动语态。compelled也有“强迫”之意，但常用于be compelled to do sth．结构，可从用法上排除。 知识模块：完形填空

13． 【C3】

正确答案：A 解析：冒号后列举了四个并列的名词短语，因此应填入名词。根据句意来看，此空格应跟“健身馆”有关，词库中的equipment“设备”代入后表示“耗能大的体育健身器材”，符合上下文语义。instrument指“医疗或音乐器材”，与“健身”无关，故可排除。 知识模块：完形填空

14． 【C4】

正确答案：N

解析：空格前的定冠词the提示空格处应填入名词。空格后的Gym Intervention是“英军健身俱乐部”这个组织的一种项目，一种形式，所以选shape“形式”，in the shape of意为“以……的形式”。 知识模块：完形填空

15． 【C5】

正确答案：B 解析：空格前的不定式符号to提示空格处应填入动词原形。空格前提到“我们需要花时间在户外活动”，再根据常识，在户外活动是可以让人保持身心健康

的，故选maintain“保持”。 知识模块：完形填空

16． 【C6】

正确答案：F

解析：空格前为be，空格后为被动语态的标志by…，故可判断空格处填入过去分词，构成被动语态。本句的but also表明是一种递进关系，前一句是讲环保性，即获得的环境方面的效益，因此这一句应讲社会资本方面的收益，故选gained“获得”。 知识模块：完形填空

17． 【C7】

正确答案：K

解析：空格前有系动词become和副词more，故推断空格处填入形容词。根据常识，在自然环境中小孩能更自由自在地活动，因此推断也会更活泼好动点，故填入形容词active“活跃的”。 知识模块：完形填空

18． 【C8】

正确答案：D 解析：空格处与time并列，故推断空格处填入名词。children have with nature为省略了引导词的定语从句，修饰先行词the amount of time and______，该先行词放回从句中，作have的宾语。在自然环境中多花时间，就多一些与自然接触的机会，所以选词库中的名词contact“接触”。 知识模块：完形填空

19． 【C9】

正确答案：L

解析：空格前后均为名词短语，推断空格处可能需填现在分词或介词。空格前的natural places“自然处所”为类属名词，空格后的“树林、乡村和公共草地”是具体的场所，都属于“自然处所”，由此可知空格后是对natural places的举例说明，故选such as“诸如，例如”。for example也表“例如”，但后面通常会跟逗号，故排除。 知识模块：完形填空

20． 【C10】

正确答案：G

解析：空格应填入形容词，修饰名词landscape“风景”。在自然环境中，对应的就是自然风景，所以选natural“自然的”。 知识模块：完形填空

A. published B. demonstrate C. cut off D. studied E. investigated F. staff G. surveyed H. so I. provided J. illustrate K. reduce L. ahead M. equip N. such O. recruit Evidence of the benefits that volunteering can bring older people continues to roll in. “Volunteers have improved physical and social functioning,” said

Fengyan Tang, an assistant professor at the University of Pittsburgh School of Social Work, who has【C1】______ older volunteers. “They report better well-being and greater life satisfaction. There’s a reduced risk of death compared to non-volunteers.” It was reported a few weeks back on a public school program whose volunteers, in a small-scale initial study, appeared to【C2】______ their risk of cognitive(认知的)decline. But we’re also learning that not all volunteering is created equal. In Dr. Tang’s most recent study【C3】______in The Gerontologist, she【C4】______ 207 volunteers(average age: 72)who spent on average six hours a week on programs providing【C5】______ services as preparing meals or teaching computer skills. The results【C6】______ how important the programs’ organization and administration can be. Volunteers reported greater “socioemotional benefits”—a sense of having made important contributions, feelings of enhanced well-being—when the programs【C7】______ greater “organizational support.” What’s organizational support? Thoughtfully matching volunteers with jobs that interest them. Offering training so that volunteers feel familiar with the work environment, the【C8】______, the task, the possible challenges【C9】______. Making volunteering more convenient for older people by providing parking or transportation, even small stipends(薪金). Recognizing their efforts with events or awards. “Organizational support is more important than the individual characteristics of the volunteer, in terms of longer participation and greater benefit,” Dr. Tang said. Seniors and families looking for engaging volunteer opportunities, and programs hoping to【C10】______ and retain older volunteers, take note.

21． 【C1】

正确答案：D

解析：who引导的从句中，若has作实义动词，句意不通，因此has在此为助动词，故空格需填入过去分词，构成现在完成时。上文提到唐冯彦的身份是社会服务学院的一位助理教授，助理教授的主要工作不外乎做学问、做研究，因此填入studied符合语法和语义要求。 知识模块：完形填空

22． 【C2】

正确答案：K

解析：空格前的不定式符号to提示空格处应填入动词原形。上文提到“志愿服务活动有益于老年人的健康”，结合空格后宾语risk“风险”，推断空格处需填入“降低”含义的词，故选reduce。cut off意为“切掉；隔离；中断”，做志愿者并不能完全消除认知能力下降的风险，故cut off不合适。 知识模块：完形填空

23． 【C3】

正确答案：A

解析：The Gerontologist为杂志，“研究”应是被发表在杂志上的，故选择词库中的过去分词published“发表”。 知识模块：完形填空

24． 【C4】

正确答案：G

解析：此处应填入一个动词作句子谓语，根据上文的In…study“在……研究中”，唐博士应是“调查”了志愿者，surveyed强调“做研究时通过询问别人一系列问题找出其观点或行为模式等”，符合要求。investigated是对“犯罪或事故的调查”，与文中语境不符，故排除。 知识模块：完形填空

25． 【C5】

正确答案：N

解析：由于空格后的services为名词，故空格处应为修饰限定services的成分，可能需填入形容词、分词或名词。由空格后的as联想到此处可能是such．．．as…结构，表示“诸如……的”。词库中的so虽然也能跟as搭配，但so…as…中的so为副词，不能修饰名词，故排除。 知识模块：完形填空

26． 【C6】

正确答案：B

解析：空格前为名词results，空格后为how引导的名词性从句，空格所在句的主句缺少谓语动词，故此空应填入动词。此处意为“调查结果……这些活动的组织和管理有多么重要”，空格处应填入“表明，”含义的词。demonstrate“显示”符合句意。illustrate“阐明”强调通过例证或图表的方式来说明，与文中语境不符。 知识模块：完形填空

27． 【C7】

正确答案：I

解析：空格所在的从句缺谓语，空格处应填入动词；主句用了一般过去时，从句也应用过去时，故此空需填动词过去式。项目方作为志愿活动的组织者，理应是“组织支持”的提供者，故填入provided“提供”。equip有“配备”之意，但常用于equip sb．with sth．结构，与文中用法不符。 知识模块：完形填空

28． 【C8】

正确答案：F

解析：空格前的定冠词the提示空格处应填入名词，跟“工作环境”及“任务”并列，都属于培训中应熟悉的要素，staff“职员”符合逻辑。 知识模块：完形填空

29． 【C9】

正确答案：L

解析：空格位于challenges后面，推断其为修饰challenges的后置定语，故此处可能填入形容词或分词。根据chaUertges的前一个定语possible，可知此处说的challenges是将来可能出现的情况，词库中ahead“在前面的”符合语义要求。 知识模块：完形填空

30． 【C10】

正确答案：O 解析：空格前的不定式符号to提示空格处应填入动词原形。此处的programs是指组织志愿服务的项目方．空格处与and后面的retain“留住”是并列顺承的关系，只有“招募”老年志愿者之后才能留住他们，因此选recruit“招募”。 知识模块：完形填空

A. differently B. ensures C. unusual D. prohibit E. fairly F. In return G. resulted H. exempt I. assures J. especially K. lazy L. reluctant M. In turn N. negotiate O. right Usually it is the children, not the parents, who are unwilling to spend their evenings practising spelling and learning times tables. But a Canadian couple has just won a legal battle to【C1】______ their offspring from homework after successfully arguing there is no clear evidence it improves academic performance. Shelli and Tom Milley, two lawyers from Calgary, Alberta, launched their highly【C2】______ case after years of struggling to make their three【C3】______ children do school work out of the classroom. After waging a long war with their eldest son over his homework, they decided to do things【C4】______ with their youngest two. And being lawyers, they decided to make it official. It took two years to【C5】______ the Milleys’ Differentiated Homework Plan, which【C6】______ their youngest two children will never have to do homework again at their current school. The two-page plan, signed by the children, parents and teachers, states that “homework will not be used as a form of evaluation for the children”.【C7】______, the pupils promise to get their work done in class, to come to school prepared, and to revise for tests. Two years ago, Shelli began collecting studies on homework, most of which suggest that,【C8】______ for younger grades, there is no clear link between work at home and school performance. Working with the staff at St Brigid Elementary/Junior High School, she formed a homework committee. When no firm changes【C9】______ from the committee, the couple began negotiating the legal document that decided the matter. “We think it’s a parent’s【C10】______ to choose what’s in our children’s best interests,” said Shelli. “But we’re thankful the school did the right thing.”

31． 【C1】

正确答案：H

解析：空格前的不定式符号to提示空格应填入动词原形。词库中可以跟空格后的介词from搭配的有exempt“免除”和prohibit“禁止”，“禁止小孩做家庭作业”是不符合常理的，故答案为exempt。 知识模块：完形填空

32． 【C2】

正确答案：C

解析：空格处填入形容词修饰case，表示该案子的特点。父母要求免除孩子家庭作业是不常见的案子，故选unusual。 知识模块：完形填空

33． 【C3】

正确答案：L

解析：空格后为名词，此处应填入形容词来修饰。由空格前的struggling“斗争”，可以看出小孩子并不乐意做作业，因此选reluctant“不情愿的”。小孩不愿意做作业并不等同于懒惰，因此排除lazy。 知识模块：完形填空

34． 【C4】

正确答案：A

解析：此处应填入副词，修饰do。上文提到“对最大的孩子，他们用‘斗争’手段让他做作业”，而下文提到，对于两个较小的孩子，他们诉诸法律以免除其作业，因此对待方式是不同的，故选differently“不同地”。 知识模块：完形填空

35． 【C5】

正确答案：N

解析：空格前的不定式符号to提示空格应填入动词。空格后为“米勒家区分家庭作业计划”，根据下文的“该计划由孩子、家长及教师三方签署”，因此可推断该计划是需要商讨的，故选negotiate“协商”。 知识模块：完形填空

36． 【C6】

正确答案：B

解析：空格应填入动词，作which引导的定语从句的谓语。空格后的“他们的孩子再也不用做作业了”显然是该计划所要确保的，因此空格处应填入ensures“确保”。assures也表示“确保”，但后面应接“人”作宾语，用于assure sb．that或assure sb．of sth．结构，不符合本句结构，故排除。 知识模块：完形填空

37． 【C7】

正确答案：F

解析：空格后“孩子承诺在课堂上做完作业等”是“不以家庭作业来评价孩

子”的交换条件，因此选In return“作为回报”。In turn“轮流地”代入句中，句意不通，仅仅是形近干扰，可排除。 知识模块：完形填空

38． 【C8】

正确答案：J

解析：此处的“对低年级学生来说，家庭作业和在校表现之间没有明显的联系”相对于首段段尾的“没有明显证据表明家庭作业能提高学业成绩”来说，范围精确到了“低年级学生”，这是一种递进，因此选especially“尤其”。 知识模块：完形填空

39． 【C9】

正确答案：G

解析：此处应填入动词，作when引导的时间状语从句的谓语。“实质性变化”由该委员会带来，result from为固定搭配，表示“由……导致”，故选resulted。 知识模块：完形填空

40． 【C10】

正确答案：O

解析：空格前的所有格parent’s提示空格处应填入名词。空格后的“选择对我们的孩子最有益的方案”是一种权利，故选right。 知识模块：完形填空