近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

2021年1月浙江卷

In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.

56 that most of the rise BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool

57 gives an indication of 58 (person) weight 59 (consider)

whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a

in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 healthy.

The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased

60 2.1

in women and men. In cities, however, the gain

61 (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men.

The researchers described “striking changes” in the geography of BMI. In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 62 (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed

63 (sharp) . 64 (live) in the countryside,

This may be due to some disadvantages for people

including 65 (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.

2020 年全国卷 I

1

近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe ( 探 测 器 ) — the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess — 61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot

63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep 65 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the

the moon is of particular craters (环形山), more so instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says,

“because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon

68 (construct).” Data about the moon’s composition, such as how

69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether

70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.

2020全国卷 II

Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year

Chinese New Year is a

61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and 62

the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers (carry) special significance. They represent the earth

63 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.

These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:

2

近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

Oranges: Orange trees are more

64 decoration; they are a symbol of good 65

fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.

Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices.

66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. 67 health, abundance and a happy home. They are Bamboo plants are associated easy

68 (care) for and make great presents. 69 (beauty) long branches covered 70

Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The

with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are first to flower even as the snow is melting (融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.

2020全国卷 III

In ancient China lived an artist

61 paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s

reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their choose the best. The artist was sure he would

62 (fine) work, so that he could

63 (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River — perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.

Filled with 64 (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.

65 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66 (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out

3

近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

67 (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved

68 (gentle) along the

river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds

69 (surround) the mountain tops, he was 70 earth, reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist Mother Nature.

2020山东卷

Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36 (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big

37 until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir

Hans Sloane, for example,

38 (form) the core collection of the British Museum 39 opened in 1759.

The parts of a museum open to the public

40 (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection

41 (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.

Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine living at a different time in history or 42 (they)

43 (walk) through a rainforest. At the Jorvik

Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical 4

44 (accurate) is important but so is

近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

entertainment. Museums must compete

45 people’s spare time and money with other

amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.

2020浙江卷

Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 56 , through agriculture. Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on 57 could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and

crops they had sown.

Farming produced more food per person

58 hunting and gathering, so people 59 60 were able to raise more children. And, as more children were born, more food (need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology

(change) lives.

By about 6000 BC, people

61 (discover) the best crops to grow and animals to

62 (season), planting at the right time and,

raise. Later, they learned to work with the

in dry areas,

63 (make) use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields.

64 rise of science, This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then, with changes began. New methods 65

(mean) that fewer people worked in farming. In the last

century or so, these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers (化肥) have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.

近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

2019 年全国卷 I

The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence 61 they range all the

way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been

62 (poor) studied;

however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.

Modern methods

63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only

64 (perform) consistently over a large area. In

65 (report) increases in bear sightings

since the mid-1980s, and are expensive

recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut around human settlements, leading to a

66 (believe) that populations are increasing.

Scientists have responded by

67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集)

68 (high)

around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are than they actually are. Of declining, six

69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are

70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 2019全国卷 II

A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for

61 (be) Britain’s

oldest full-time employee — still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, Les. Her years of hard work have

62 she opened with her late husband 63 (final) been acknowledged after a customer

nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.

Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene

64 (declare) she had

no plans

65 (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don’t see any reason

6

近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I

66 (make) over the years. I work not because I have to,

67 because I want to.”

Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31 — who works alongside her in the family business — said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call 68 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was

69 joke. But then we got an official letter and we were 70 (wonder).”

blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s

2019全国卷 III

On our way to the house, it was raining

61 hard that we couldn’t help wondering

how long it would take

62 (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.

63 dogs, seven to be exact. They

We were first greeted with the barking by a pack were well trained by their masters

64 had great experience with caring for these 65 (recommend) wonderful animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and

places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya ( 木 瓜 ) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.

When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66 (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many

67 (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were 68 (huge) popular

with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay, we

69 (invite) to attend a private

70 (listen) to musicians concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, and meeting interesting locals.

2019浙江卷

7

近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

There are several reasons why school uniforms are a good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody 56 (have) to worry about fashion (时尚). Everybody wears

57 same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in

unexpected ways. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth children are walking or

58 gives off light in the dark. When the 60 59 (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can (easy) see them.

But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer

61 this question is not clear. One study in America found that students’ grades

62 (improve) a little after 63 (wear) the uniform.

the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn’t want Other American studies showed no

64 (connect) between uniforms and school

performance.

School uniforms are

65 (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get

rid of them. Some very good schools don’t have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.

2018 年全国卷 I

According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years

61 (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long

62 (see) the benefit. 63 (die) early by

You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of running.

8

近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it

64 (be) more effective at lengthening life

65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the 66 showed a mere five to 10 67 authors of the review also made a study published in 2014

minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all (cause).

The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 69 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give

70 a try.

2018全国卷 II

Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61 (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.

A taste for meat is

63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice less water

64 (improve) water quality. Corn uses 65 rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased

66 (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.

According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total

67 (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005

9

近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

— when the government

68 (start) a soil-testing program 69 gives specific

fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission (排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.

2018全国卷 III

I’m not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid

64 (look)

directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel

65 (challenge). 66 (science) who studies animals such as apes

My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a

and monkeys. I was searching

67 these three western lowland gorillas I’d been

observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.

When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find

68 (they) alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal

69 (mean) me no real

harm. He was just saying: “I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder!” Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch. 2018浙江卷

10

近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese

56 (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners

57 come to China cook

58 can be to eat out.

60 much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap I still remember

59 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.

While regularly eating out seems to

61 (become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be

62 (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an

even 63 (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in

64 (weigh) problems.

If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home

65 dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.

2017 年全国卷 I

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community ( 医 学 界 ) 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required

63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and

11

近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

salt

64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 65 66 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food

67 (be) full of fat and

salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.

Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack ( 吃 点 心 ) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,

69 (care) not to 70 is not good for the health.

2017全国卷 II

In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible roads above as they travelled to and

61 (crowd) on the

62 work. It took three years to complete and was 63 (lay) the track built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, and then building a strong roof over

64 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.

Steam engines

65 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66 (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 67 every day. Later, engineers

68 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels

(隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the

12

近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

69 (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was

one of the most

70 (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had

white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.

2017全国卷 III

She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest). Instead, she is earning $6,500 a day as 62 model in New York.

Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in

the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65

(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate). She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on

her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture.

Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69

(come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the

lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more.”

2017浙江卷

Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 56 (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made

13

近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

her look closer, and she noticed a

57 (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.

Pahlsson screamed

58 loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “She

thought I had hurt

59 (I),” says Pahlsson.

61 (cook)

Sixteen years 60 (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters — then ten, eight, and six — had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. Pahlsson and her husband 62 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again,” she says. She never replaced it.

Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got

63 (sweep) into a pile

of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden,

64 it remained until the carrot’s

65 leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was wonder.

2016 年全国卷 I

Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels.

But for tourists like me, pandas are its top

61 (attract).

So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I 62 (allow) to get up close to these cute animals

at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 63 (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes 14

近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

back 64 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,

65 I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include

67 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.

On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by

68 (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few

69 (day) with his sister so that

while one is being bottle-fed,

70 other is with mum — she never suspects.

2016全国卷 II

If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify ( 识 别 ) those of 61 (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 62 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 63 (be) often acceptable.

Most of us are more focused

64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the

65 possible before lunch. This

day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.

Recent 66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short

breaks 67 (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for

68 while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.

If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely

69 (bring) your work home. It could be anything, gardening, cooking, music, sports — but

15

近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

whatever it is,

70 (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to

worry about.

2016全国卷 III

In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 61 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks. Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 62 (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal

63 (create) special designs. The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 64 (use) twigs ( 树 枝 ) to remove it. Over time, 65 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 66 (gradual) turned into chopsticks.

Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,

67 lived from

roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the

68 (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius 69

(be) too violent for use at the

believed knives would remind people of killings and table.

Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat

70 their hands.

16

近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

2021浙江卷

56. and 61. was

57. that / which 62. studied

58. person’s

63. sharply

59. is considered 64. living

60. by 65. lower

2020 年

全国卷 I 61.touched 66. to find

62. extremely 67. means

63. where 68. is constructed

64. interest 69. much

65. than 70. its

全国卷 II 61. celebration 62. carries 63. coming 64. than 66. Certainly 67. with 68. to care 69. beautiful 70. the

65. decorated

全国卷 III 61. whose 66. pointed

62. finest 67. to find

63. be chosen 68. gently

64. curiosity 65. When / As 69. surrounding 70. on

山东卷

36. wealthy 37. or 41. is

42. themselves

38. formed 43. walking

39. which/that 40. are called

44. accuracy

45. for

浙江卷 56. in

57. what 58. than 59. was needed 60. to change 65. meant

61. had discovered 62. seasons 63. making 64. the

17

近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

全国卷 I

61. that 62. poorly 63. of / for 66. belief 67. noting 68. higher

2019 年

64. to perform 65. have reported 69. the 70. are

全国卷 II 61. being 62. which 63. finally 64. declared 65. to retire 66. have made 67. but 68. saying 69. a 70. wonderful

全国卷 III

61. so 62. to get 63. of 64. who / that 65. recommended

66. competition 67. traditional 68. hugely 69. were invited 70. listening

浙江卷

56. has / will have 57. the 58. that / which 59. cycling 60. easily

61. to 62. improved 63. to wear 64. connection / connections 65. traditional

2018 年

全国卷 I

61. longer 62. to see 63. dying 64. is 65. than

66. that / which 67. causes 68. strengthen 69. energetic 70. it / running

全国卷 II

61. has grown 62. the 63. actually 64. to improve 65. than 66. pollution 67. global 68. started 69. that / which 70. feeding

全国卷 III

61. which / who 62. the 63. loudest 64. looking 65. challenged 66. scientist 67. for 68. them 69. meant 70. to stay

浙江卷

56. dishes 57. who / that 58. it 59. visiting 60. was shocked 61. have become 62. affordable 63. higher 64. weight 65. for

18

近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案

2017 年

全国卷 I

61. as 62. effects 63. to process 64. are removed 65. a 66. worse 67. is 68. eating 69. careful 70. which

全国卷 II 61. crowds 66. fairly

62. from 67. it

63. laying 64. the

68. managed 69. introduction

65. were used 70. successful

全国卷 III 61. resting 66. education

62. a 63. has been told / was told 64. who 65. to prove 67. invitations 68. in 69. comes 70. certainly

浙江卷

56. carrots 57. shiny / shining 58. so 59. myself 61. to cook 62. searched 63. swept 64. where 65. a

60.

earlier

2016 年

全国卷 I

61. attraction 62. was allowed 66. permitted 67. introducing

63. officially 64. to 65. when 68. its 69. days 70. the

全国卷 II

61. greater 66. studies

62. achievement 63. is 67. regularly 68. a

64. on

69. to bring

65. as 70. make

全国卷 III

61. and 62. be made 63. to create 64. using 65. as / when 66. gradually 67. who 68. development 69. were 70. with

20