非谓语动词十大解题原则---学生版

非谓语动词主要包括to do, -ing和-ed三种形式，可是其用法非常广泛，它不仅是高考单项选择题测试的一个重点，而且也是完形填空、阅读理解、短文改错的重要考查内容。为了能更好地掌握非谓语动词的用法，老师在教学实践中总结出十条实用的解题原则，并且还用相关的题目来解释这些原则。根据这些原则，相信同学们可以轻松地应对非谓语动词。 非谓语动词 主动语态 被动语态 意义 一般式 与谓语动词动作 不定式 同时或在其后 进行式 同时 完成式 现在分一般式 词/动名词 完成式 之前 与谓语动词同时或几乎同时发生 先于谓语动词前 与主语为逻辑上的被动关系，表动作已完成 过去分词 规律性非谓语动词试题的解题步骤（有提示词）

高考中大部分的非谓语动词试题都属于规律性的试题，解答这种类型的题目时，我们需按照“找逻辑主语、判断关系、判断形式”三个步骤来解题，即“第一，找非谓语动词的逻辑主语；第二，判断逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间的逻辑关系，主动？被动？还是表示目的或者将来？ 第三，判断非谓语动词的形式。” 注意：在语法填空中，首先要判断所给提示词在句中到底是做谓语还是非谓语。判定用非谓语动词形式的根本依据就是“句中已有谓语”，即，句子不缺谓语的情况下，所给提示词才能考虑用其非谓语动词形式。

一、区分简单句与复合句，判断式谓语动词还是非谓语动词

1. That was definitely not an attractive idea, so I politely declined her invitation, _____(close) my book

and walked away.

2. We also have to consider the feeling of the person_______( receive) the gift. 3. Although he has been told many times, he still (make) the same mistake. 4. He won the first prize and (surprise) all of us.

5. With so many people (communicate) in English every day, it will become more important to have a

good knowledge of English.

6. Nowadays, almost everyone_ (realize) that smoking is harmful to people’s health. 7. There (be) no bus, I had to walk home.

8. (spend) more time on your study, and you are likely to make bigger progress. 9. (spend) more time on your study is necessary for you to make progress in study. 10. He totally devoted himself to science study, which (make) his family very upset. 11. What the shop (sell) now attracts a lot of customers.

12. The belief is that everyone (depend) on themselves, and the choice they make is of great importance.

非谓语动词在高考中的具体应用

一、非谓语动词作状语的题型：

1. _________ (see) from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. 2. It rained heavily in the south, _________ (cause) serious flooding in several provinces. 3. _________ (complete) the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.

二、非谓语动词作定语的题型：

1. A great number of students _________ (question) said they were forced to practice the piano. 2. Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one _________ (repair) first is the library. 十大解题原则

原则一、两个句子必须要用连词连接，如果没有连词连接，则需要用非谓语动词 例1. _________ many times, but he still couldn’t understand it. A. Having been told B. Having told

C. He had been told D. Though he had been told

例2．_________ many times, he still couldn’t understand it. A. Having been told B. Having told C. He had been told D. Though he had told 原则二、不及物动词无-ed形式非谓语动词，及物动词有宾语时用-ing形式，无宾语时用-ed形式 例3. ____________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing

例4. __________, I really believe that I’d prefer not to make any change now. A. Considered all the possibilities

B. Taking all the possibilities into consideration C. Taken all the possibilities into consideration D. Giving all the possibilities 原则三、being done 表示“正在被”，一般不作状语，只作定语。非谓语动词的完成时形式to have done或having done强调该动作发生在句子谓语动词之前 例5. __ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead. A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed

例6. Tim Bemers-Lee is generally considered _____ the World Wide Web, on which all the information is shared by all.

A. to have founded B. having founded C. founding D. to found 原则四、非谓语动词作定语时，表示将来用-to do，表正在进行用-ing，表示已经完成用-ed 例7. The play_____ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture． A．produced B．being produced

C．to be produced D．having been produced

例8.The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road. A. being blown down B. blown down C. blowing down D. to blow down 原则五、介词后跟-ing形式，可以在-ing前加逻辑主语 例9. The discovery of new evidence led to ______________. A. the thief having been caught B. the thief to be caught C. catch the thief D. the thief being caught

例10. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ____ could be heard outside the classroom. A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close 原则六、-ing形式或to do可作主语或宾语，-ed形式则不可以 例11. ___________ in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience. A. Caught B. Having caught C. Being caught D. To catch

例12 ___twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.

A. Examining B. Examined

C. Being examined D. Having been examined 原则七、be+-ed+介词结构常可把be去掉保留-ed+介词做状语 例13Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, ______with his old one. A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared

例14 _______ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice. A. To face B. Having faced C. Faced D. Facing 原则八、非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致，和句子主语构成主谓关系时用-ing形式，构成动宾关系是用-ed形式。其逻辑主语和句子主语不一致时，要在非谓语动词前加逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构 例15． ____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog. A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten

例16._______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked 例17. While watching television, __________. A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings

C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings

例18. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ____ for the day. A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished 原则九、不定式做状语一般有两种：目的状语和出乎意料的结果状语（表示顺其自然的结果用-ing形式）。另外，某些形容词（表喜、怒、哀、乐）做表语后跟不定式可以表示原因 例19．_____, you need to give all you have and try your best. A. Being a winner B. To be a winner

C. Be a winner D. Having been a winner

例20. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _______ the film stars had left. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told

例21. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ________ in the natural light during the day.

A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let 例22.How glad I am ___________ you!

A. seeing B. to see C. saw D. having seen 原则十、 非谓语动词的否定原则是在非谓语动词前加not，有not to do, not doing, not having done, not to have done几种形式 例23______that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest. A. Not realized B. Not to realize C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized

例24. What worried him most was ______ to visit his sick child. A. his being not allowed B. his not being allowed C. his not allowing D. having not been allowed

例25. Sarah has decided ________ away on holiday this summer. A. don’t go B. to not go C. not going D. not to go 考点突破，真题演练

单句填空：用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. _____________ (walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old. (全国)

2. Eugene's never willing to alter any of his opinions. It’s no use __________(argue) with him. (上海)

3. Please remain _________(seat); the winner of the prize will be announced soon. (辽宁) 4. — Can I smoke here?

— Sorry. We aren’t allow ___________(smoke) here. (江苏)

5. It is difficult to imagine his _______(accept) the decision without any consideration. (陕西)

6. I can’t stand _________(work) with Jane in the same office. She just refuses ________(stop) talking while she works. (北京)

7. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need _____________ (repair). (陕西)

8. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried ________ (live) alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home. (湖南) 9. — Robert is indeed a wise man.

— Oh, yes. How often I have regretted ____________(not take) his advice! (安徽)

10. If you think that treating a woman well means always ________ (get) her permission for things, think again. (湖南)

11. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks __________________(open and close) could be heard outside the classroom. (全国) 12. —They are quiet, aren’t they?

—Yes. They are accustomed to _______ (not talk) at meals. (江苏) 13. Isn't it time you got down to ________(mark) the papers? (重庆)

14. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ________ (set) up some schools for poor children. (上海)

15. She looks forward every spring to ________ (walk) in the flower-lined garden. (上海) 16. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time ________ (pass) the exam. (福建) 17. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week ________ (watch) TV. (上海) 18. I believe that’s the best way to prevent such a thing from _______ (happen) again. (全国) 19. Did you have trouble in________ (find) the post office? (全国)

20. Sandy could do nothing but ________ (admit) to his teacher that he was wrong. (上海) 21. I smell something ________ (burn) in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? (全国) 22. Don’t leave the water ________ (run) while you brush your teeth. (天津) 23. It was so cold that they kept the fire ___________ (burn) all night. (全国)

24. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _____________ (carry) out the next year. (全国)

25. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English ___________ (speak) as much as we can. (江苏)

26. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ____________(interest) in his lectures. (江苏)

27. Energy drinks are not allowed ________(make) in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand. (上海)

28. My adviser encouraged me ________(take) a summer course to improve my writing skills. (北京) 29. My parents have always made me ________(feel) good about myself, even when I was twelve. (江苏) 30. They knew her very well. They had seen her ________ (grow) up from childhood. (全国)

31. The mother felt herself ________ (grow) cold and her hands trembled as she read the letter from the battlefield. (上海)

32. Paul doesn’t have to be made ________ (learn). He always works hard. (全国) 33. —Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.

—Sorry. With so much work ________ (fill) my mind, I almost break down. (福建)

34. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ____________ (finish), he gladly accepted it. (安徽)

35. With a lot of difficult problems ________ (set), the newly-elected president is having a hard time. (上海)

36. The director had her assistant ______(pick) up some hot dogs for the meeting. (全国) 37. — Did Peter fix the computer himself?

— He had it ________(fix), because he doesn’t know much about computers. (安徽)

38. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ________ (improve) in a short period. (福建)

39. Helen had to shout to make herself ________ (hear) above the sound of the music. (广西) 40. Peter received a letter just now ________(say) his grandma would come to see him soon. (四川) 41. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not ________ (move), and asked myself what I was going to do. (湖南)

42. ___________(walk) in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. (安徽) 43. ______________ (wait) in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. (福建)

44. __________ (blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. (福建)

45. He hurried to the booking office only _____________ (tell) that all the tickets had been sold out. (陕西) 46. European football is played in 80 countries, ____________ (make) it the most popular sport in the world. (全国)

47. You were silly not ________________(lock) your car. (湖南)

48. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ___________(breathe). (宁夏) 49. _____________ (complete) the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day. (湖南) 50. When ________ (ask) why he went there, he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight. (江西)